Which statement best describes the GD&T tolerance families that control form, orientation, location, and runout?

Which statement best describes the GD&T tolerance families that control form, orientation, location, and runout?

• A. Runout tolerances control form; Location tolerances control orientation; True position tolerances control runout.
• B. Form tolerances control location; Orientation tolerances control form; Location tolerances control runout.
• C. Form tolerances control form (flatness, straightness, circularity, cylindricity); Orientation tolerances control perpendicularity, parallelism, angularity; Location tolerances control true position, concentricity, symmetry; Runout tolerances control runout.
• D. True position tolerances control form; Concentricity tolerances control location; Profile tolerances control runout.

Answer: (C)

In GD&T, tolerances are grouped by what they control: form, orientation, location, and runout. Form tolerances define the shape of a feature—flatness, straightness, circularity, and cylindricity. Orientation tolerances describe how a feature is oriented relative to datums—perpendicularity, parallelism, and angularity. Location tolerances determine where a feature is placed, including true position, concentricity, and symmetry. Runout tolerances specify how a feature varies as the part rotates, which is the separate concept of runout. The best statement matches this structure by listing the correct families with their associated tolerances: form tolerances cover flatness, straightness, circularity, and cylindricity; orientation tolerances cover perpendicularity, parallelism, and angularity; location tolerances cover true position, concentricity, and symmetry; and runout tolerances cover runout. The other options mix these groups or assign tolerances to the wrong family, which is why they aren’t correct.

In GD&T, tolerances are grouped by what they control: form, orientation, location, and runout. Form tolerances define the shape of a feature—flatness, straightness, circularity, and cylindricity. Orientation tolerances describe how a feature is oriented relative to datums—perpendicularity, parallelism, and angularity. Location tolerances determine where a feature is placed, including true position, concentricity, and symmetry. Runout tolerances specify how a feature varies as the part rotates, which is the separate concept of runout.

The best statement matches this structure by listing the correct families with their associated tolerances: form tolerances cover flatness, straightness, circularity, and cylindricity; orientation tolerances cover perpendicularity, parallelism, and angularity; location tolerances cover true position, concentricity, and symmetry; and runout tolerances cover runout. The other options mix these groups or assign tolerances to the wrong family, which is why they aren’t correct.